KaZaA
Kazaa is a file-sharing software similar to Napster barring minor
differences. Firstly, Kazaa is second-generation P2P software and is not based on the centralised server principle. This particular software is based on the FastTrack network and is currently owned by the Australia-based Sharman Networks. Niklas Zennstrom from
Sweden and Janus Friis from Denmark, though, were the original
programmers who invented KaZaA. The FastTrack network supports
other P2P clients such as iMesh, Grokster and Kazaa Lite K++.
differences. Firstly, Kazaa is second-generation P2P software and is not based on the centralised server principle. This particular software is based on the FastTrack network and is currently owned by the Australia-based Sharman Networks. Niklas Zennstrom from
Sweden and Janus Friis from Denmark, though, were the original
programmers who invented KaZaA. The FastTrack network supports
other P2P clients such as iMesh, Grokster and Kazaa Lite K++.
The principle utilised in the FastTrack network is simple. There is
no centralised server. Instead of a central indexing server, the FT network dynamically assigns indexing features to other connected
nodes or peers based on criteria such as machine uptime, data availability and system performance. These peers are called Supernodes and it is to these machines that other peers or nodes are connected.
no centralised server. Instead of a central indexing server, the FT network dynamically assigns indexing features to other connected
nodes or peers based on criteria such as machine uptime, data availability and system performance. These peers are called Supernodes and it is to these machines that other peers or nodes are connected.
There are a large number of supernodes present on a network at anygiven time and clients or peers connect to any available Supernode
irrespective of the priority of the client. As long as there is a
Supernode available on the network, you can be connected. The principle of having a Supernode on the network increases scalability without affecting network performance and also catering to a large
number of users at the same time.
Kazaa Vs. Napster
The difference between download options offered by Kazaa and
Napster was massive. While Napster only indulged in song swapping,
Kazaa was a virtual pirate bay. Any application-music, video, documents that was shared on a computer could be accessed (as long as the data was kept in “My Shared Folder” in the Kazaa directory. Plus, an improvement in the network performance due to a decentralised system allowed users to download anything they wanted with ease.
Users who could understand file-sharing had a lethal and potent
software at their disposal, which would get them everything that
they wanted without paying a penny in the process (of course, not
considering the Internet access charges). Suddenly, everything was on Internet.
software at their disposal, which would get them everything that
they wanted without paying a penny in the process (of course, not
considering the Internet access charges). Suddenly, everything was on Internet.
You want Windows XP, connect and download it. You want Shrek the movie, connect and download it. You want Sheryl Crow’s music, connect and download! Everyone had everything and the share and share alike adage was catching on like bushfire.
What also got Kazaa going was a deluge of Web sites that were
dedicated on making Kazaa the only place to get software and other
stuff. Links on these websites could be clicked on and would be automatically added to the software saving users the pain of sifting through junk results thrown up by the internal search in Kazaa.
Nevertheless, there was an inherent problem that users were
not aware of and which became public only later.
dedicated on making Kazaa the only place to get software and other
stuff. Links on these websites could be clicked on and would be automatically added to the software saving users the pain of sifting through junk results thrown up by the internal search in Kazaa.
Nevertheless, there was an inherent problem that users were
not aware of and which became public only later.
The Kazaa client that users installed in their computers had a spyware that would pass on personal, sensitive information to Sharman Networks.
When this became public, there was a huge public outrage and people
suddenly started using alternatives such as iMesh, Grokster and
Kazaa Lite K++. While iMesh and Grokster were similar software
using the same network, Kazaa Lite K++ was a hacked Kazaa without
the spyware and all the modifications which made it one of the best
P2P clients ever.
suddenly started using alternatives such as iMesh, Grokster and
Kazaa Lite K++. While iMesh and Grokster were similar software
using the same network, Kazaa Lite K++ was a hacked Kazaa without
the spyware and all the modifications which made it one of the best
P2P clients ever.
However, there was one problem. Sharman Networks quickly made this software illegal and users using this software started getting low results and download speeds were capped making it excruciatingly slow for users of Kazaa Lite K++.
However, other software such as iMesh and Grokster kept users
enticed and downloads all over the planet reached a peak in 2003
with over 140 million PCs connected to the network at any given time using one or the other version of software. Other than the spyware
issue, there were many other issues plaguing Kazaa users. Primary
amongst these were the fake files that people started getting after finishing a download.
enticed and downloads all over the planet reached a peak in 2003
with over 140 million PCs connected to the network at any given time using one or the other version of software. Other than the spyware
issue, there were many other issues plaguing Kazaa users. Primary
amongst these were the fake files that people started getting after finishing a download.
Other issues included viruses and spyware planted in downloaded programs which only became evident after programs started malfunctioning or the system started misbehaving. There was no solution for this and the only solution was to download and scan and check all software.
Music companies by this time were hopping mad and soon
enough, they started closely monitoring the FastTrack network,
which is being carried on even at this point in time. Eventually, music companies started flooding the network with fake music files with authentic tagging information to discourage downloads. Software companies followed suit and the legal battle ensued.
enough, they started closely monitoring the FastTrack network,
which is being carried on even at this point in time. Eventually, music companies started flooding the network with fake music files with authentic tagging information to discourage downloads. Software companies followed suit and the legal battle ensued.
The battle rages to this day with the recent MGM versus Grokster case, where the Supreme Court ruled that Grokster was actually violating copyright laws and issued an order against it.
Soon enough, users started trying other software, which included
eDonkey and the recent BitTorrent.
Soon enough, users started trying other software, which included
eDonkey and the recent BitTorrent.
